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Oracle Standby数据库恢复错误处理及解决方法
在实际操作中,Oracle Standby数据库的恢复过程中可能会遇到各种错误。以下是我们在实际工作中遇到的一个典型问题及其解决方法,希望能为有类似需求的朋友提供参考。
在进行shutdown standby操作后,将restore standby controlfile恢复到/u01/rmanbak/fordg/control01.ctl时,发现控制文件覆盖了现有的控制文件。随后,数据库启动后出现以下错误:
Sat Mar 23 06:42:37 CST 2013alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session using current logfileSat Mar 23 06:42:37 CST 2013Attempt to start background Managed Standby Recovery process (stdby)MRP0 started with pid=29, OS id=11519Sat Mar 23 06:42:37 CST 2013MRP0: Background Managed Standby Recovery process started (stdby)Sat Mar 23 06:42:37 CST 2013RFS[2]: Archived Log: '/u01/archivelog/stdby/arc_2_9373_789583539.dbf'...Sat Mar 23 06:42:41 CST 2013RFS[1]: Archived Log: '/u01/archivelog/stdby/arc_1_7751_789583539.dbf'Sat Mar 23 06:42:42 CST 2013RFS[2]: Archived Log: '/u01/archivelog/stdby/arc_2_9381_789583539.dbf'Sat Mar 23 06:42:42 CST 2013Managed Standby Recovery starting Real Time ApplySat Mar 23 06:42:42 CST 2013Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/admin/stdby/bdump/stdby_dbw0_11458.trc:ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 24 - see DBWR trace fileORA-01110: data file 24: '+DATA/in_sz_data'ORA-17503: ksfdopn:2 Failed to open file +DATA/in_sz_dataORA-15001: diskgroup "DATA" does not exist or is not mountedORA-15077: could not locate ASM instance serving a required diskgroupORA-29701: unable to connect to Cluster ManagerSat Mar 23 06:42:42 CST 2013Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/admin/stdby/bdump/stdby_dbw0_11458.trc:ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 25 - see DBWR trace fileORA-01110: data file 25: '/u01/oradata/stdby/in_sz_data'ORA-27037: unable to obtain file statusLinux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory...分析:因为主库新建过数据文件,从主库恢复过来的控制文件中包含了这些文件,而从库却没有这些文件。
首先,我们需要在Standby数据库中创建这些缺失的数据文件。可以通过以下SQL命令实现:
alter database create datafile '+DATA/in_sz_data' as '/u01/oradata/stdby/in_sz_data.312.789659222';alter database create datafile '/u01/oradata/stdby/in_sz_data' as '/u01/oradata/stdby/in_sz_data.312.789659223';alter database create datafile '/u01/oradata/stdby/in_sz_data.9154.810742355' as '/u01/oradata/stdby/in_sz_data.312.789659224';alter database create datafile '/u01/oradata/stdby/in_ac_data.9090.810742665' as '/u01/oradata/stdby/in_ac_data.9090.810742665';
接下来,我们需要重新使用RMAN进行恢复操作。具体步骤如下:
catalog start with '/u01/rmanbak/fordg/';search for all files that match the pattern '/u01/rmanbak/fordg/';catalog the files as prompted;run { allocate channel dsk0 type disk; allocate channel dsk1 type disk; allocate channel dsk2 type disk; restore standby controlfile to '/u01/rmanbak/fordg/control01.ctl'; recover database noredo;} 文件传输问题:在之前的操作中,由于使用了FTP上传文件,导致文件路径发生了变化。建议改用NFS文件传输方式,确保文件路径一致性。
服务器端配置:
exportfs -rv /u01/rmanbak
showmount -e 192.168.13.109
文件完整性检查:在恢复过程中,确保所有相关文件已存在且可读。如果发现文件缺失或损坏,需及时修复。
在完成恢复操作后,建议执行以下验证步骤:
SQL> select name from v$datafile where file#=26;
结果应显示文件路径:
/u01/oradata/stdby/in_sz_data.312.789659224
如果发现文件缺失或无法访问,可能需要重新启动数据库并切换为普通MOUNT状态:
SQL> shutdown immediate;SQL> startup mount;
通过以上方法,我们成功解决了Standby数据库恢复过程中的文件覆盖问题,并确保了数据库的正常运行。这种方法不仅适用于本案例,还可以为其他类似问题提供参考。
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